Mathematical and statistical techniques F.Y.B.com pdf

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Mathematical and Statistical Techniques

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MATHS PART 1 : 

COMMERCE :

1. The techniques which provide the decision maker a systematic and powerful means of analysis to explore policies for achieving predetermined goals are called..........................

a. Correlation techniques

b. Mathematical techniques

c. Quantitative techniques

d. None of the above

ANSWERS: C

 

2. Correlation analysis is a ..............................

a. Univariate analysis

b. Bivariate analysis

c. Multivariate analysis

d. Both b and c

ANSWERS: D

 

3. If change in one variable results a corresponding change in the other variable, then the variables are.........................

a. Correlated

b. Not correlated

c. Any of the above

d. None of the above

ANSWERS: A

 

4. When the values of two variables move in the same direction, correlation is said to be ............................

a. Linear

b. Non-linear

c. Positive

d. Negative

ANSWERS: C

 

5. When the values of two variables move in the opposite directions, correlation is said to be ............................

a. Linear

b. Non-linear

c. Positive

d. Negative

ANSWERS: D

 

6. When the amount of change in one variable leads to a constant ratio of change in the other variable, then correlation is said to be .........................

a. Linear

b. Non-linear

c. Positive

d. Negative

ANSWERS: A

 

7. ...........................attempts to determine the degree of relationship between variables.

a. Regression analysis

b. Correlation analysis

c. Inferential analysis

d. None of these

ANSWERS: B

 

8. Non-linear correlation is also called.....................................

a. Non-curvy linear correlation

b. Curvy linear correlation

c. Zero correlation

d. None of these

ANSWERS: B

 

9. Scatter diagram is also called ......................

a. Dot chart

b. Correlation graph

c. Both a and b

d. None of these

ANSWERS: A

 

10. If all the points of a scatter diagram lie on a straight line falling from left upper

corner to the right bottom corner, the correlation is called...................

a. Zero correlation

b. High degree of positive correlation

c. Perfect negative correlation

d. Perfect positive correlation

ANSWERS: C

 

11. If all the dots of a scatter diagram lie on a straight line falling from left bottom corner to the right upper corner, the correlation is called..................

a. Zero correlation

b. High degree of positive correlation

c. Perfect negative correlation

d. Perfect positive correlation

ANSWERS: D

 

12. Numerical measure of correlation is called .....................

a. Coefficient of correlation

b. Coefficient of determination

c. Coefficient of non-determination

d. Coefficient of regression

ANSWERS: A

 

13. Coefficient of correlation explains:

a. Concentration

b. Relation

c. Dispersion

d. Asymmetry

ANSWERS: B

 

14. Coefficient of correlation lies between:

a. 0 and +1

b. 0 and –1

c. –1 and +1

d. – 3 and +3

ANSWERS: C

 

15. A high degree of +ve correlation between availability of rainfall and weight of weight of people is:

a. A meaningless correlation

b. A spurious correlation

c. A nonsense correlation

d. All of the above

ANSWERS: D

 

16. If the ratio of change in one variable is equal to the ratio of change in the other

variable, then the correlation is said to be .....................

a. Linear

b. Non-linear

c. Curvilinear

d. None of these

ANSWERS: A

 

17. Pearsonian correlation coefficient if denoted by the symbol ...............

a. K

b. r

c. R

d. None of these

ANSWERS: C

 

18. If r= +1, the correlation is said to be ...................

a. High degree of +ve correlation

b. High degree of –ve correlation

c. Perfect +ve correlation

d. Perfect –ve correlation

ANSWERS: C

 

19. If the dots in a scatter diagram fall on a narrow band, it indicates a ....................... degree of correlation.

a. Zero

b. High

c. Low

d. None of these

ANSWERS: B

 

20. If all the points of a dot chart lie on a straight line vertical to the X-axis, then

coefficient of correlation is ...................

a. 0

b. +1

c. –1

d. None of these

ANSWERS: A

 

21. If all the points of a dot chart lie on a straight line parallel to the X-axis, it denotes .................................of correlation.

a. High degree

b. Low degree

c. Moderate degree

d. Absence

ANSWERS: D

 

22. If dots are lying on a scatter diagram in a haphazard manner, then r = ......................

a. 0

b. +1

c. –1

d. None of these

ANSWERS: A

 

23. The unit of Coefficient of correlation is ........................

a. Percentage

b. Ratio

c. Same unit of the data

d. No unit

ANSWERS: D

 

24. Product moment correlation method is also called ........................

a. Rank correlation

b. Pearsonian correlation

c. Concurrent deviation

d. None of these

ANSWERS: B

 

.25. The –ve sign of correlation coefficient between X and Y indicates.............................

a. X decreasing, Y increasing

b. X increasing, Y decreasing

c. Any of the above

d. There is no change in X and Y

ANSWERS: C

 

26. Coefficient of correlation explains .........................of the relationship between two variables.

a. Degree

b. Direction

c. Both of the above

d. None of the above

ANSWERS: C

 

27. For perfect correlation, the coefficient of correlation should be ..........................

a. ± 1

b. + 1

c. – 1

d. 0

ANSWERS: A

 

28. Rank correlation coefficient was discovered by....................................

a. Fisher

b. Spearman

c. Karl Pearson

d. Bowley

ANSWERS: B

 

29. The rank correlation coefficient is always............................

a. + 1

b. – 1

c. 0

d. Between + 1 and – 1

ANSWERS: D

 

30. Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient is usually denoted by....................

a. k

b. r

c. S

d. R

ANSWERS: D

 

31. Probable error is used to:

a. Test the reliability of correlation coefficient

b. Measure the error in correlation coefficient

c. Both a an b

d. None of these

ANSWERS: A

 

32. If coefficient of correlation is more than ................of its P E, correlation is significant.

a. 2 times

b. 5 times

c. 6 times

d. 10 times

ANSWERS: C

 

33. In correlation analysis, Probable Error = ........................ x 0.6745

a. Standard deviation

b. Standard error

c. Coefficient of correlation

d. None of these

ANSWERS: B

 

34. Coefficient of concurrent deviation depends on .......................

a. The signs of the deviations

b. The magnitude of the deviations

c. Bothe a and b

d. None of these

ANSWERS: A

 

35. Correlation analysis between two sets of data only is called....................

a. Partial correlation

b. Multiple correlation

c. Nonsense correlation

d. Simple correlation

ANSWERS: D

 

36. Correlation analysis between one dependent variable with one independent variable by keeping the other independent variables as constant is called......................

a. Partial correlation

b. Multiple correlation

c. Nonsense correlation

d. Simple correlation

ANSWERS: A

 

37. Study of correlation among three or more variables simultaneously is called.............

a. Partial correlation

b. Multiple correlation

c. Nonsense correlation

d. Simple correlation

ANSWERS: B

 

38. If r = 0.8, coefficient of determination is.....................................

a. 80%

b. 8%

c. 64%

d. 0.8%

ANSWERS: C

 

39. If r is the simple correlation coefficient, the quantity r2 is known as ...................

a. Coefficient of determination

b. Coefficient of non-determination

c. Coefficient of alienation

d. None of these

ANSWERS: A

 

40. If r is the simple correlation coefficient, the quantity 1 -- r2 is known as ...................

a. Coefficient of determination

b. Coefficient of non-determination

c. Coefficient of alienation

d. None of these

ANSWERS: B

 

41. The term regression was first used by..........................

a. Karl Pearson

b. Spearman

c. R A Fisher

d. Francis Galton

ANSWERS:D

 

42. ....................refers to analysis of average relationship between two variables to

provide mechanism for prediction.

a. Correlation

b. Regression

c. Standard error

d. None of these

ANSWERS:B

 

43. If there are two variables, there can be at most............................... number of

regression lines.

a. One

b. Two

c. Three

d. Infinite

ANSWERS: B

 

44. If the regression line is Y on X, then the variable X is known as..........................

a. Independent variable

b. Explanatory variable

c. Regressor

d. All the above

ANSWERS: D

 

45. Regression line is also called.................................

a. Estimating equation

b. Prediction equation

c. Line of average relationship

d. All the above

ANSWERS: D

 

46. If the regression line is X on Y, then the variable X is known as..........................

a. Dependent variable

b. Explained variable

c. Both a and b

d. Regressor

ANSWERS: C

 

47. If the regression line is X on Y, then the variable X is known as..........................

a. Dependent variable

b. Independent variable

c. Bothe a and b

d. None of the above

ANSWERS: A

 

48. If the regression line is Y on X, then the variable X is known as..........................

a. Dependent variable

b. Independent variable

c. Both a and b

d. None of the above

ANSWERS: D

 

49. The point of intersection of two regression lines is..........................

a. (0,0)

b. (1,1)

c. (x,y)

d. (x̄, ӯ)

ANSWERS: D

 

50. If r = ± 1, the two regression lines are...............................

a. Coincident

b. Parallel

c. Perpendicular to each other

d. None of these

ANSWERS: A

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